RESUMO
Objective@#This research investigated the effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-producing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the implantation rate and embryo attachment in mice. @*Methods@#In this experimental study, a DNA fragment of the HCG gene was cloned into an expression vector, which was transfected into PBMCs. The concentration of the produced HCG was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Embryo attachment was investigated on the co-cultured endometrial cells and PBMCs in vitro. As an in vivo experiment, intrauterine administration of PBMCs was done in plaque-positive female mice. Studied mice were distributed into five groups: control, embryo implantation dysfunction (EID), EID with produced HCG, EID with PBMCs, and EID with HCG-producing PBMCs. Uterine horns were excised to characterize the number of implantation sites and pregnancy rate on day 7.5 post-coitum. During an implantation window, the mRNA expression of genes was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. @*Results@#DNA fragments were cloned between the BamHI and EcoRI sites in the vector. About 465 pg/mL of HCG was produced in the transfected PBMCs. The attachment rate, pregnancy rate, and the number of implantation sites were substantially higher in the HCG-producing PBMCs group than in the other groups. Significantly elevated expression of the target genes was observed in the EID with HCG-producing PBMCs group. @*Conclusion@#Alterations in gene expression following the intrauterine injection of HCG-producing PBMCs, could be considered a possible cause of increased embryo attachment rate, pregnancy rate, and the number of implantation sites.
RESUMO
Objective: Over the last years, vitrification has been widely used for oocyte cryopreservation, in animals and humans; however, it frequently causes minor and major epigenetic modifications. The effect of oocyte vitrification on levels of acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 12 [AcH4K12], and histone acetyltransferase [Hat] expression, was previously assessed; however, little is known about the inhibition of Hat expression during oocyte vitrification. This study evaluated the effect of anacardic acid [AA] as a Hat inhibitor on vitrified mouse oocytes
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 248 mouse oocytes at metaphase II [MII] stage were divided in three experimental groups namely, fresh control oocytes [which were not affected by vitrification], frozen/thawed oocytes [vitrified] and frozen/thawed oocytes pre-treated with AA [treatment]. Out of 248 oocytes, 173 oocytes were selected and from them, 84 oocytes were vitrified without AA [vitrified group] and 89 oocytes were pretreated with AA, and then vitrified [treatment group]. Fresh MII mouse oocytes were used as control group. Hat expression and AcH4K12 levels were assessed by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and immunofluoresce staining, respectively. In addition, survival rate was determined in vitrified and treatment oocytes
Results: Hat expression and AcH4K12 modification significantly increased [4.17 +/- 1.27 [P.0.001] and 97.57 +/- 6.30 [P<0.001], respectively] in oocytes that were vitrified, compared to the fresh oocytes. After treatment with AA, the Hat mRNA expression and subsequently H4K12 acetylation levels were significantly reduced [0.12 +/- 0.03 [P.0.001] and 89.79 +/- 3.20 [P.0.05], respectively] in comparison to the vitrified group. However, the survival rate was not significantly different between the vitrified [90.47%] and treatment [91.01%] groups [P>0.05]
Conclusion: The present study suggests that AA reduces vitrification risks caused by epigenetic modifications, but does not affect the quality of vitrification. In fact, AA as a Hat inhibitor was effective in reducing the acetylation levels of H4K12
RESUMO
Objective: In vitro maturation technique [IVM] is shown to have an effect on full maturation of immature oocytes and the subsequent embryo development. Embryonic genome activation [EGA] is considered as a crucial and the first process after fertilization. EGA failure leads to embryo arrest and possible implantation failure. This study aimed to determine the role of IVM in EGA-related genes expression in human embryo originated from immature oocytes and recovered from women receiving gonadotrophin treatment for assisted reproduction
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, germinal vesicle [GV] oocytes were cultured in vitro. After intracytoplasmic sperm injection of the oocytes, fertilization, cleavage and embryo quality score were assessed in vitro and in vivo. After 3-4 days, a single blastomere was biopsied from the embryos and then frozen. Afterwards, the expression of EGA-related genes in embryos was assayed using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
Results: The in vitro study showed reduced quality of embryos. No significant difference was found between embryo quality scores for the two groups [P=0.754]. The in vitro group exhibited a relatively reduced expression of the EGA- related genes, when compared to the in vivo group [all of them showed P=0.0001]
Conclusion: Although displaying the normal morphology, the IVM process appeared to have a negative influence on developmental gene expression levels of human preimplanted embryos. Based on our results, the embryo normal morphology cannot be considered as an ideal scale for the successful growth of embryo at implantation and downstream processes
RESUMO
Background: DNA methylation is one the epigenetic mechanisms, which is critically involved in gene expression. This phenomenon is mediated by DNA methyl-transferases and is affected by environmental stress, including in vitro maturation [IVM] of oocytes. Melatonin, as an antioxidant, may theoretically be involved in epigenetic regulation via reductions of reactive oxygen species. This study was performed to investigate DNA methylation and the possibility of goat oocyte development after treatment with different concentrations of melatonin
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed to investigate DNA methylation and the possibility of goat oocyte development after treatment with different concentrations of melatonin. For this purpose, oocytes with granulated cytoplasm were selected and co-cultured with at least two layers of cumulus cells in maturation medium with 10-6M, 10-9M, 10-12M and 0-M [as control group] of melatonin. Nucleus status, glutathione content and developmental competence of the oocytes in each experimental group were assessed. Also, expression of genes associated with DNA methylation, including DNA methyltransferase 1 [DNMT1], DNA methyltransferase 3b [DNMT3b] and DNA methyltransferase 3a [DNMT3a] was evaluated by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]
Results: According to our findings, the percentage of oocytes that reached the M-II stage significantly increased in the 10-12 M group [P<0.05]. Also, a significant elevation of glutathione content was observed in melatonin-treated oocytes [P<0.05]. Analysis of blastocyst formation revealed that developmental competence of the oocytes was higher than the control group [P<0.05]. It was observed that melatonin treatment decreased expression levels of DNA methyltransferases [DNMTs] and global DNA methylation [P<0.05]. In addition, the expression of melatonin receptor1A [MTNR1A] was detected in both cumulus and oocyte by RT-PCR
Conclusion: The results suggested that in goat model melatonin affects DNA methylation pattern, leading to an improvement in the developmental competence of the oocytes
RESUMO
Objective: We evaluated the effect of melatonin, as a potent antioxidant agent, on glutathione [GSH] and reactive oxygen species [ROS] levels, as well as histone H3 lysine 9 [H3K9], and H4 lysine 12 [H4K12] acetylation when added to oocytes culture medium
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, two in vitro and in vivo groups were used. In the in vitro group, cumulus oocyte complexes [COCs] from the ovaries of B6D2F1 mice were cultured in maturation medium containing two doses of melatonin [10-9 and 10-6 M] and without melatonin [control group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]] for 22-24 hour. The cumulus expansion and nuclear status were monitored by an inverted microscope. Next, COCs were isolated from the oviducts of superovulated mice and studied as the in vivo group. In in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes, GSH and ROS levels were assessed by monochlorobimane [MCB] and 2-7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate [H2DCFDA] staining, respectively. Changes in histone acetylation were examined by immunofluorescent staining with specific antibodies against acetylated H3K9 and H4K12
Results: The H4K12 acetylation and ROS levels were significantly higher in the oocytes matured in the in vitro group compared to the in vivo group [P<0.05]. Furthermore, glutathione levels in the in vitro group were considerably lower than that of the in vivo group [P<0.05]. Melatonin at the concentration of 10-6 M had the most substantial effect on nuclear maturation and histone acetylation as well as glutathione and ROS levels in the in vitro group [P<0.05]
Conclusion: Exogenous melatonin improves the competence of mouse oocytes during in vitro maturation [IVM]
RESUMO
Objective: To perform a diagnostic accuracy of the rapid ultrasound in shock [RUSH] to diagnose the etiology of undifferentiated shock in patients presenting to the emergency department [ED]
Methods: We searched the Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge till July 2017. Two independent reviewers screened studies for eligibility. Our study analysis is planned in accordance with the guidelines for metaanalysis of diagnostic studies. In the systematic search, of 397 references, 295 were excluded on the basis of the title and abstract. For the remaining 102 articles, the full text was retrieved and critically reviewed. After the selection process, five papers were included
Results: The pooled estimate of all data showed that the RUSH protocol exhibited high sensitivity [0.87, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.80-0.92, I[2]=46.7%] and specificity [0.98, 95% C. I.: 0.96-0.99, [I]2=30.8%]. The AUC for SROC, a global measure of the RUSH protocol performance, was 0.98+/-0.01, indicates the high accuracy of the test. Positive and negative likelihood ratios reported from the studies ranged from 9.83 to 51.32 and 0.04 to 0.33, respectively. The pooled estimate of all data showed that the RUSH protocol exhibited high positive likelihood ratio [19.19, 95% C. I.: 11.49-32.06, I[2]=14.1%] and low negative likelihood ratio [0.23, 95% C. I.: 0.15-0.34, I[2]=18.4%]
Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that RUSH protocol has generally good role to distinguish the states of shock in patients with undifferentiated shock referred to the emergency department
RESUMO
Background: Retroviruses of human T-lymphotropic viruses [HTLV-1 and HTLV-2] have been demonstrated to be endemic in the north-eastern region of Iran. This study was aimed to determine the HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 prevalence among healthy individuals in Neyshabur City during 2010-2014
Methods: A total of 8054 blood samples were collected from healthy participants in Neyshabur, North-Eastern Iran. The blood samples were screened for the presence of specific antibodies against HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 by using ELISA according to the manufacturer's instructions
Results: The overall seropositivity rate for HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 was found to be 6.55% [528 out of 8054] among participants
Conclusion: Both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 were demonstrated to be at a high rate in healthy individuals. However, a smaller number of asymptomatic carriers were found in this study, as compared to those identified in previous investigations in the city
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Infecções por HTLV-II/epidemiologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/sangue , Infecções por HTLV-II/sangue , Estudos SoroepidemiológicosRESUMO
Objective: In conventional assisted reproductive technology [ART], oocytes are cultured in static microdrops within Petri dishes that contain vast amounts of media. However, the in vivo environment is dynamic. This study assesses in vitro oocyte maturation through the use of a new microfluidic device. We evaluate oocyte fertilization to the blastocyct stage and their glutathione [GSH] contents in each experimental group
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, we established a dynamic culture condition. Immature oocytes were harvested from ovaries of Naval Medical Research Institute [NMRI] mice. Oocytes were randomly placed in static [passive] and dynamic [active] in vitro maturation [IVM] culture medium for 24 hours. In vitro matured oocytes underwent fertilization, after which we placed the pronucleus [PN] stage embryos in microdrops and followed their developmental stages to blastocyst formation after 3 days. GSH content of the in vitro matured oocytes was assessed by monochlorobimane [MCB] staining
Results: We observed significantly higher percentages of mature metaphase II oocytes [MII] in the passive and active dynamic culture systems [DCS] compared to the static group [P<0.01]. There were significantly less mean numbers of germinal vesicle [GV] and degenerated oocytes in the passive and active dynamic groups compared to the static group [P<0.01]. Fertilization and blastocyst formation rate in the dynamic systems were statistically significant compared to the static cultures [P<0.01]. There was significantly higher GSH content in dynamically matured oocytes compared to statically matured oocytes [P<0.01]
Conclusion: Dynamic culture for in vitro oocyte maturation improves their developmental competency in comparison with static culture conditions
RESUMO
Introduction and Aims: Because of the day-increasing resistance of the bacteria to antibiotics, further logical viewpoint to the medicinal plants seems to be important. The Ferula gummosa considered as a great medicinal plant in past studies. The aim of this study was investigation of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of roots of F.gummosa Boiss on growth of some bacterial pathogens
Materials and Methods: The extracts were prepared by Soxhlet method and were studied by disc diffusion, well diffusion and tube dillution methods
Results: According to the disc diffusion and the well diffusion methods, no inhibitory zone have seen against investigated bacteria. The ethologic extract showed more inhibitory effect than the methanolic and aquatic extracts. The most sensitive bacterium to methanol extract was Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] equal to 6.25×103 and 1.25×104 respectively. The most sensitive bacteria to ethanol extract were Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae with MIC and MBC equal to 6.25×103 and 2.5×104 respectively
Conclusion: Further study is needed about potent antimicrobial activities of F.gummosa Boiss
RESUMO
Introduction and Aims: Brucellosis is an important disease caused by Brucella species and is a zoonotic disease. Since Iran has focused the majority of livestock in rural areas, the epidemiological studies seems to be necessary in cities with most villages. We aim to survey the brucellosis in suspicious patients who referred to a medical diagnostic laboratory in Neyshabur from 2010 to 2015
Materials and Methods: This study was cross sectional-descriptive. In this epidemiological study, the required information of all patients who were suspected by physicians [2010-2015] was extracted over the last 5 years by laboratory software and the collected data were analyzed by using SPSS
Results: According to Wright's test, the prevalence of brucellosis was 6.76% in this study. Patients had the titers of 1.80, 1.40 and 1.40 for Wright, 2-Mercapto ethanol [2ME] and Coombs tests respectively. Most participants were in the age group of 41-50 years and 34.1% were male
Conclusions: According to results, Neyshabur has categorized in the areas with high outbreak in the country that should be considered as priorities of local health networks for training and necessary acts
RESUMO
Objective: cemento-ossifying fibroma defines as a relative rare osteogenic neoplasm of the jaw. This tumor includes fibrous and osseous components. Odontoma is the most common odontogenic tumor containing enamel ,dentin ,cementum and pulp tissue. in this paper we report a rare case of ossifying fibroma associated with compound odontoma in the mandible
Case: A 37-years-old woman was referred to Oral Medicine department, Shahid Beheshti Dental School with complaint of swelling in the anterior part of the mandible, over 6 years period. Clinical examination revealed mandibular enlargement in right -anterior region with labial and lingual expansion and canine missing . panoramic view showed a large mixed radiolucent - radiopaque lesion associated with impacted canine.The differential diagnosis include calcifying odontogenic cyst [COC] and cemento-ossifying fibroma[COF]. Histopathologic examination established diagnosis of COF with multiple compound odontoma
Conclusion: the relationship between the occurrence of these two lesions is not clear and more studies are needed to establish the relationship between them
RESUMO
Background and Aim: Ferula gummosa Boiss. [Barije] is an Iranian indigenous plant that has medical and antifungal properties. The current study was done to determine the effect of aqueous an alcoholic extracts of Ferula gummosa Boiss root on in vitro growth of fungi
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the plant was dried in the dark and aqueous, alcoholic extracts of its root powder were prepared using Soxhlet method. Then, the efficacy of 0.1 dilutions of different quantities of the extracts on strains of Candida albicans [PTCC 5027], Trichophyton rubrum [PTCC5143], and Aspergillus fumigatus [PTCC 5009] were evaluated employing Disk diffusion, Agar-well diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration [MIC], and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration [MFC] methods
Results: No inhibited effect was observed in Disk diffusion and Agar-well diffusion methods. MIC and MFC values of all extracts for Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton rubrum were more than 5×104mg/ml. The MIC values of ethanol and methanol extract for Candida albicans were 3.12×103 and 1.25×104mg/ml, respectively but the MFC values were 1.25×104 and 2.5×104mg/ml, respectively
Conclusion: Methanol and ethanol extracts proved to have antifungal activity against Candida albicans yeast in vitro while the fungi of Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton rubrum had no sensitivity to these types of extracts
RESUMO
Introduction: The amount of expression of BAX and BCL-2 genes in infertile men's sperm as well as its association with sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation index is an issue which has not been studied yet. In this research, it is assumed that up-regulation of BAX and downregulation of BCL-2 are directly associated with sperm DNA fragmentation
Methods: After obtaining semen samples from the patients by using gradient centrifugation method, the semen samples were centrifuged using gradient method in order to obtain pure sperm. Sperm is divided into three parts based on which flow cytometry, Real Time-PCR and Comet Assay techniques were conducted. After extracting RNA and producing cDNA, the amount of expression of BAX and BCL-2 genes was measured using Real Time-PCR. The amount of sperm DNA fragmentation was measured using flow cytometry and Comet Assay techniques. Based on the amount of DNA fragmentation index [DFI], samples were divided into the two groups of control [DFI<30] and DNA fragmentation [DFI and ge30]. Using WHO criteria, sperm parameters [morphology and motility] were evaluated
Results: This study showed that the amount of expression of BAX in the DNA fragmentation group was not significant compared to the control group but the expression of BCL-2 gene decreased significantly [P<0.05]. Also, in many cases, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of parameters of sperm DNA fragmentation and morphological parameters [P<0.05]
Conclusion: This study showed that reduction of expression of BCL-2 increases sperm DNA damage and this result can be helpful for therapeutic purposes
RESUMO
Many studies have focused on the epigenetic characteristics of donor cells to improve somatic cell nuclear transfer [SCNT]. We hypothesized that the epigenetic status and chromatin structure of undifferentiated bovine adipose tissue-derived stem cells [BADSCs] would not remain constant during different passages. The objective of this study was to determine the mRNA expression patterns of DNA methyltransferases [DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b] and histone deacetyltransferses [HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3] in BADSCs. In addition, we compared the measured levels of octamer binding protein-4 expression [OCT4] and acetylation of H3K9 [H3K9ac] in BADSCs cultures and different passages in vitro. In this experimental study, subcutaneous fat was obtained from adult cows immediately post-mortem. Relative level of DNMTs and HDACs was examined using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction [q-PCR], and the level of OCT4 and H3K9ac was analyzed by flow cytometry at passages 3 [P3], 5 [P5] and 7 [P7]. The OCT4 protein level was similar at P3 and P5 but a significant decrease in its level was seen at P7. The highest and lowest levels of H3K9ac were observed at P5 and P7, respectively. At P5, the expression of HDACs and DNMTs was significantly decreased. In contrast, a remarkable increase in the expression of DNMTs was observed at P7. Our data demonstrated that the epigenetic status of BADSCs was variable during culture. The P5 cells showed the highest level of stemness and multipotency and the lowest level of chromatin compaction. Therefore, we suggest that P5 cells may be more efficient for SCNT compared with other passages
Assuntos
Animais , Metilação de DNA , Histonas , RNA Mensageiro , Tecido Adiposo , Histona Desacetilase 1 , Histona Desacetilase 2 , Histona Desacetilases , BovinosRESUMO
Background and Aims: vitamin D is a steroidal hormone which is necessary for human bones' growth and development especially in young women during their pregnancy. Its deficiency is one of the main factors in metabolic bones diseases. The aim of this study was investigate level of serum 25-OH Vitamin D in the young women in Neyshabur
Materials and Methods: this cross sectional study was performed from February 2014 to January 2015 in 841 young women in the range of 15 to 40 years old who had been referred by city physicians to ACECR [Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research]. Serum 25-OH Vitamin D level was evaluated by Chemiluminescence method
Results: vitamin D deficiency [less than 10 ng/ml] was 57.31 percent in young women. Vitamin D insufficiency [10 to 30 ng/ml] was also 30.55 percent. It was also more deficient in winter 63.27 percent, comparing to summer 50.38 percent. The lowest amount of Vitamin D was seen in the group of 15 to 20 years old.
Conclusion: the enough amount of Vitamin D should be considered in women before pregnancy by regard to deficiency of 57.31 percent. So it must be inseparable part of pre-pregnancy tests
RESUMO
Introduction and Aims: rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis] belongs to Lumiaceae family and contains different properties and compounds. With emergence of Vancomycin resistance Staphylococcus aureus, it has been confirmed as a global issue. The aim of this study is the survey of methanolic extract of rosemary leaves on Vancomycin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients of Imam Reza hospital of Mashhad
Materials and Methods: 150 bacterial samples have collected from Imam Reza hospital of Mashhad at the beginning of 2013 November. One of them was being resistance to Vancomycin antibiotic by Disk Diffusion and MIC [Minimum Inhibitory Concentration]. Extracting from Rosemary was performed by Maceration method. The MIC [Minimum Inhibitory Concentration] and MBC [Minimum Bactericidal concentration] has evaluated by reference method of Microdilution Broth
Results: the result of this study demonstrated that the MIC and MBC for Methanolic extract of Rosemary on Vancomycin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus were 0.156×10[3] and 0.312×10[3] mg/ml respectively
Conclusion: bacterial resisting to antibiotics implies necessity of using of new compounds with antibacterial property. The methanolic extract of rosemary can inhibit the growth of Vancomycin resistance Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore it can be used as clinical purposes
RESUMO
Introduction and Aims: proteinuria means the presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine that is very important to achieve accurate and reliable results to the physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of turbidity in the measurement of 24-hour urine protein before and after cold treatment in turbid centrifuged samples
Materials and Methods: this experimental study was performed in ACECR [Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research], that was conducted on a random sample of 1000 people in 2015 March to September. The measurement of 24-hour urine protein was performed by using three chloral acetic acid method [TCA] and photometer
Results: ten samples [1%] just were turbid after centrifuge. There was a significant difference [P<0.05] between the samples which were turbid after centrifuge and the samples which their turbidity have removed by cold treatment. So that, in some cases the interpretation of the results after cold treatment is quite different with before [the lowest difference was 0.05 and most difference was 0.43]
Conclusion: in order to deposit interfering factors, the urine samples that are taken to measure protein and are turbid after centrifuge should be given cold treatment and centrifuge again
RESUMO
PURPOSE: Adenosis lesions of the breast, including sclerosing adenosis and adenosis tumors, are a group of benign proliferative disorders that may mimic the features of malignancy on imaging. In this study, we aim to describe the features of breast adenosis lesions with suspicious or borderline findings on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). METHODS: In our database, we identified 49 pathologically proven breast adenosis lesions for which the final assessment of the breast MRI report was classified as either category 4 (n=45) or category 5 (n=4), according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) published by the American College of Radiology (ACR). The lesions had a final diagnosis of either pure adenosis (n=33, 67.3%) or mixed adenosis associated with other benign pathologies (n=16, 32.7%). RESULTS: Of the 49 adenosis lesions detected on DCE-MRI, 32 (65.3%) appeared as enhancing masses, 16 (32.7%) as nonmass enhancements, and one (2.1%) as a tiny enhancing focus. Analysis of the enhancing masses based on the ACR BI-RADS lexicon revealed that among the mass descriptors, the most common features were irregular shape in 12 (37.5%), noncircumscribed margin in 20 (62.5%), heterogeneous internal pattern in 16 (50.0%), rapid initial enhancement in 32 (100.0%), and wash-out delayed en-hancement pattern in 21 (65.6%). Of the 16 nonmass enhancing lesions, the most common descriptors included focal distribution in seven (43.8%), segmental distribution in six (37.5%), clumped internal pattern in nine (56.3%), rapid initial enhancement in 16 (100.0%), and wash-out delayed enhancement pattern in eight (50.0%). CONCLUSION: Adenosis lesions of the breast may appear suspicious on breast MRI. Awareness of these suspi-cious-appearing features would be helpful in obviating unnecessary breast biopsies.
Assuntos
Biópsia , Mama , Diagnóstico , Doença da Mama Fibrocística , Sistemas de Informação , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Patologia , DescritoresRESUMO
Nutrients and antioxidants in the medium of immature oocyte have a profound effect on maturation, fertilization and development of resulting embryos. In this study the effects of melatonin as an antioxidant agent on maturation, glutathione level and expression of high mobility group box-1 [HMGB1] gene were evaluated in immature oocytes of mice stained with brilliant cresyl blue [BCB]. In this experimental study, immature oocytes were harvested from ovaries of Naval Medical Research Institute [NMRI] mice. Oocytes were stained with 26 Micro M BCB for 90 minutes and transferred to in vitro maturation medium containing varying doses of melatonin [10[-12], 10[-9], 10[-6], 10[-3] M] and without melatonin, for 22-24 hours. Maturation was monitored using an inverted microscope. Glutathione was assessed by monochlorobimane [MCB] staining and HMGB1 expression in mature oocyte was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. Melatonin in the concentration of 10[-6] M had the most effect on maturation and HMGB1 expression of BCB+ oocytes [p<0.05]. Meanwhile melatonin had no effects on glutathione levels. Additionally in immature BCB- oocytes, compared to the control group, melatonin did not affect cytoplasm maturation [p>0.05]. In vitro treatment with melatonin increases the maturation and HMGB1 expression in BCB+ immature oocytes and has no significant effect on glutathione levels